And QUIC meets IoT: performance assessment of MQTT over QUIC

We study the performance of the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Protocol (MQTT) over QUIC. QUIC has been recently proposed as a new transport protocol, and it is gaining relevance at a very fast pace, favored by the support of key players, such as Google. It overcomes some of the limitations of the more widespread alternative, TCP, especially regarding the overhead of connection establishment. However, its use for Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios is still under consideration. In this paper we integrate a GO-based implementation of the QUIC protocol with MQTT, and we compare the performance of this combination with that exhibited by the more traditional MQTT/TLS/TCP approach. We use Linux Containers and we emulate various wireless network technologies by means of the ns3 simulator. The results of an extensive measurement campaign, show that QUIC protocol can indeed yield good performances for typical IoT use cases.The authors are grateful for the funding of the Industrial Doctorates Program from the University of Cantabria (Call 2018). This work has been partially supported by the Basque Government through the Elkartek program under the DIGITAL project (Grant agreement no. KK-2019/00095), as well as by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) by means of the project FIERCE: Future Internet Enabled Resilient smart CitiEs (RTI2018-093475-AI00)

Even lower latency in IIoT: evaluation of QUIC in industrial IoT scenarios

In this paper we analyze the performance of QUIC as a transport alternative for Internet of Things (IoT) services based on the Message Queuing Telemetry Protocol (MQTT). QUIC is a novel protocol promoted by Google, and was originally conceived to tackle the limitations of the traditional Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), specifically aiming at the reduction of the latency caused by connection establishment. QUIC use in IoT environments is not widespread, and it is therefore interesting to characterize its performance when in over such scenarios. We used an emulation-based platform, where we integrated QUIC and MQTT (using GO-based implementations) and compared their combined performance with the that exhibited by the traditional TCP/TLS approach. We used Linux containers as end devices, and the ns-3 simulator to emulate different network technologies, such as WiFi, cellular, and satellite, and varying conditions. The results evince that QUIC is indeed an appropriate protocol to guarantee robust, secure, and low latency communications over IoT scenarios.The authors are grateful for the funding of the Industrial Doctorates Program from the University of Cantabria (Call 2020). This work has been partially supported by the Basque Government through the Elkartek program under the DIGITAL project (grant agreement number KK-2019/00095), and by the Spanish Government (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, FEDER) by means of the project FIERCE: Future Internet Enabled Resilient smart CitiEs (RTI2018-093475-AI00)

The MegaM@Rt2 ECSEL project: MegaModelling at runtime-scalable model-based framework for continuous development and runtime validation of complex systems

A major challenge for the European electronic components and systems (ECS) industry is to increase productivity and reduce costs while ensuring safety and quality. Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) principles have already shown valuable capabilities for the development of ECSs but still need to scale to support real-world scenarios implied by the full deployment and use of complex electronic systems, such as Cyber-Physical Systems, and real-time systems. Moreover, maintaining efficient traceability, integration and communication between fundamental stages of the development lifecycle (i.e., design time and runtime) is another challenge to the scalability of MDE tools and techniques. This paper presents “MegaModelling at runtime – Scalable model-based framework for continuous development and runtime validation of complex systems” (MegaM@Rt2), an ECSEL–JU project whose main goal is to address the above mentioned challenges. Driven by both large and small industrial enterprises, with the support of research partners and technology providers, MegaM@Rt2aims to deliver a framework of tools and methods for: (i) system engineering/design and continuous development, (ii) related runtime analysis, and (iii) global model and traceability management.This project has received funding from the Electronic Component Systems for European Leadership Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No. 737494. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and from Sweden, France, Spain, Italy, Finland & Czech Republic

Factors related with nursing students’ health literacy: a cross sectional study

Nursing professionals have a crucial role in promoting health literacy in health services, so it is necessary to ensure health literacy skills in future health professionals.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to examine the health literacy of nursing students and its associated factors.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 460 nursing students. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was obtained on sociodemographic characteristics, perception and health care, use of the health system and lifestyles. In addition, health literacy was assessed using the European Health Literacy Questionnaire.Results6.1% of the participants had an inadequate level of health literacy and 36.5% problematic. The probability of having sufficient health literacy is directly associated with age; and inversely with smoking, prolonged screen time and living alone (p < 0.05).Conclusion: A large percentage of nursing students need to improve their health literacy skills. It is necessary to integrate a greater number of contents in health literacy in the curriculum of nursing students

Results of Nurse Case Management in Primary Heath Care: Bibliographic Review

Background: The new characteristics of today’s population, together with the presence of chronic diseases in the elderly, require a new approach to care, promoting coordination between different levels of care. In this sense, we find the figure of the nurse case manager (NCM) in primary health care mainly responsible for ensuring continuity of care in complex patients with chronic diseases. Objective: to describe the role of the NCM in care management, determining its effectiveness in addressing chronic disease (health outcomes and quality of life) and its efficiency in the health system. Methods: Bibliographic review of scientific evidence on case management applied to nursing. Between March and April 2020 a bibliographic search was carried out in the Dialnet, Scielo, Scopus and Pubmed databases. Inclusion criteria: articles written in the last 5 years, which analyze how this nursing rol influences the care and health of patients. Results: A total of 16 articles were selected. The NCM reduced the use of the emergency department, hospital admissions, readmissions, and the duration of these in the patients studied. Conclusion: The NCM is effective and efficient for both patients and health institutions, and a common practice model is needed that includes standardized protocols and evidence-based practices

COMPARACIÓN DE MAPAS DE PREFERENCIA MEDIANTE EL ANÁLISIS DESCRIPTIVO CUANTITATIVO Y PERFIL FLASH EN HAMBURGUESAS/Comparison of preference mapping through quantitative descriptive analysis and ash prole in hamburgers

En la presente investigación se muestra el uso del perl ash (PF) como base para la generación del mapa externo de preferencias (MEP) y su comparación con el MEP convencional, realizado con la técnica del análisis descriptivo cuantitativo (QDA R ). Las formulaciones de hamburguesas de barrilete negro (Euthynnus lineatus) se caracterizaron empleando un panel entrenado, un panel sin entrenamiento y un grupo de consumidores. El panel entrenado realizó la caracterización sensorial mediante la técnica QDA R , el panel sin entrenamiento mediante la técnica PF y el grupo de consumidores únicamente otorgó la preferencia o rechazo. Se aplicaron análisis de varianza para determinar el desempeño de cada panel en la discriminación, análisis multivariados para la representación sensorial de las hamburguesas y la técnica del mapa externo de preferencias (MEP), modelos vectorial y circular asociado con el coeciente de determinación (R2 ), para comparar el ajuste entre los datos. Los resultados mostraron que el panel PF tuvo un mejor desempeño de discriminación en algunos atributos sensoriales que concuerdan con los atributos evaluados por el panel QAD R . El R2 determinó que el mejor ajuste de los datos hedónicos-descriptivos para el MEP modelo vectorial fue con los datos del PF y para el caso del modelo circular fueron similares. En conclusión, el uso del PF para la construcción del MEP es una opción rápida y comparativa al MEP convencional para la búsqueda de atributos sensoriales que tengan conexión con la parte hedónica de los consumidores

Caracterización del crecimiento de bovinos cebú en pruebas de comportamiento en pastoreo/Characterization of growth of Cebu cattle in testing performance on grazing

El objetivo fue caracterizar el crecimiento de bovinos Cebú en pruebas de comportamiento en pastoreo. Se utilizaron 15 990 datos de peso vivo, tomados entre 150 y 630 d de edad, de 3 198 machos con cinco pesadas cada uno: 1) peso al destete (PD), 2) peso inicio de prueba (PI), 3) primera pesada (P1), 4) segunda pesada (P2) y 5) peso nal de prueba (PF). Se contrastaron los modelos no lineales (MNL): Brody (BRO), Logístico (LOG), von Bertalany (BER) y Gompertz (GOM); en dos tipos de análisis (ANA1, ANA2) con NLMIXED de SAS. ANA1, con MNL mixtos (MNLM), al incluir el efecto aleatorio de un coeciente de regresión; y ANA2 con MNL, sin efectos aleatorios asociados a coecientes de regresión. La selección del modelo se realizó con los criterios error de predicción promedio; varianza del error de predicción; estadístico Durbin Watson; coeciente de determinación; criterio de información Akaike y criterio Bayesiano. Los pesos promedio (kg) ajustados al PD, PI, P1, P2 y PF fueron 175.9 ± 33.4, 182.5 ± 32.1, 225.8 ± 49.6, 266.8 ± 61.9 y 340.3 ± 68.1, respectivamente. Los análisis con MNLM (ANA1) presentaron mejores resultados, siendo el LOG el que presentó mejor ajuste, seguido de GOM, BER y BRO. Los resultados del ANA2 fueron sobre estimados y fuera de contexto para asociarse al crecimiento de bovinos; las curvas de crecimiento generadas con MNLM presentaron buena capacidad predictiva y estuvieron en función del proceso generador de los datos, que se reere al crecimiento del ganado Cebú

Role of NAFLD on the Health Related QoL Response to Lifestyle in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: The PREDIMED Plus Cohort

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) status in the impact of lifestyle over Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). MethodsBaseline and 1 year follow up data from the PREDIMED-plus cohort (men and women, 55-75 years old with overweight/obesity and MetS) were studied. Adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean Diet (er-MeDiet) and Physical Activity (PA) were assessed with a validated screeners. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) was implemented to evaluate NAFLD while the SF-36 questionnaire provided HRQoL evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the influence of baseline NAFLD on HRQoL as affected by lifestyle during 1 year of follow up. ResultsData from 5205 patients with mean age of 65 years and a 48% of female participants. Adjusted linear multivariate mixed regression models showed that patients with lower probability of NAFLD (HSI < 36 points) were more responsive to er-MeDiet (beta 0.64 vs beta 0.05 per er-MeDiet adherence point, p< 0.01) and PA (beta 0.05 vs beta 0.01 per MET-h/week, p = 0.001) than those with high probability for NAFLD in terms Physical SF-36 summary in the 1 year follow up. 10 points of er-MeDiet adherence and 50 MET-h/week were thresholds for a beneficial effect of lifestyle on HRQoL physical domain in patients with lower probability of NAFLD. ConclusionThe evaluation of NAFLD by the HSI index in patients with MetS might identify subjects with different prospective sensitivity to lifestyle changes in terms of physical HRQoL (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatits C Virus Coinfection in Spain: Elimination Is Feasible, but the Burden of Residual Cirrhosis Will Be Significant

Background: We assessed the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV-Abs) and active HCV infection in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Spain in 2016 and compared the results with those of similar studies performed in 2002, 2009, and 2015. Methods: The study was performed in 43 centers during October-November 2016. The sample was estimated for an accuracy of 2% and selected by proportional allocation and simple random sampling. During 2016, criteria for therapy based on direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) were at least significant liver fibrosis, severe extrahepatic manifestations of HCV, and high risk of HCV transmissibility. Results: The reference population and the sample size were 38904 and 1588 patients, respectively. The prevalence of HCV-Abs in 2002, 2009, 2015, and 2016 was 60.8%, 50.2%, 37.7%, and 34.6%, respectively (P trend <.001, from 2002 to 2015). The prevalence of active HCV in 2002, 2009, 2015, and 2016 was 54.0%, 34.0%, 22.1%, and 11.7%, respectively (P trend <.001). The anti-HCV treatment uptake in 2002, 2009, 2015, and 2016 was 23.0%, 48.0%, 59.3%, and 74.7%, respectively (P trend <.001). In 2016, HCV-related cirrhosis was present in 7.6% of all HIV-infected individuals, 15.0% of patients with active HCV, and 31.5% of patients who cleared HCV after anti-HCV therapy. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that with universal access to DAA-based therapy and continued efforts in prevention and screening, it will be possible to eliminate active HCV among HIV-infected individuals in Spain in the short term. However, the burden of HCV-related cirrhosis will continue to be significant among HIV-infected individuals.This work was funded by grant Ref. no. GLD14-00279 from the GILEAD Fellowship Programme (Spain) and by the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RD16/0025/0017, RD16/0025/0018) that is included in the Spanish I+D+I Plan and is co-financed by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluacion and European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER).S